ABOUT MY GROUP L.E.D

CASE STUDY 3-GROUP DISCUSSION (CHAPTER 7-ELECTRICAL SAFETY)

OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
(ELECTRICAL SAFETY)

Assalamualaikum , we have given the new task for chapter 6. There are three members of this group discussion , which is me, MUHAMMAD AIZUDDIN AKMAL BIN ZALKAHA,MUHAMMAD HASIF AIMAN BIN IBRAHIM AND NUR AZAMULLAH  BIN MOHAMED.
We are from group 'L.E.D.'

WHAT IS ELECTRICAL SAFETY?





-Electrical Safety. Electrical hazards can cause burns, shocks and electrocution (death). Assume that all overhead wires are energized at lethal voltages. Never assume that a wire is safe to touch even if it is down or appears to be insulated.


The defective insulation hazards





You need to be able to recognize that electrical shocks, fires, or falls result from these hazards:
Improper grounding. -The metal parts of an electrical wiring system that we touch should be grounded and at 0 volt.

Overloaded circuits. -Devices (for example, holiday lights or an often used electric heater) with long-term uses do count. A circuit isoverloaded if: A. The total load exceeds 1,800 watts for a 15-amp circuit. (120 volts x 15 amps = 1,800 watts.) Look for the amp rating of the circuit in tiny numbers on the circuit breaker switch or fuse.

Wet conditions. -If you touch a live wire or other electrical component while standing in even a small puddle of water you’ll get a shock.  


Preventive measures in electrical safety



-Protection from direct contact.The physical prevention of contact with live parts by barriers, insulation, inaccessibility, etc.          Additional protection in the event that a direct contact occurs, despite or due to failure of the above measures. This protection is based on residual-current operating device with a high sensitivity (IΔn ≤ 30 mA) and a low operating time. These devices are highly effective in the majority of case of direct contact.-Protection from indirect contact.

An indirect contact refers to a person coming into contact with an exposed-conductive-part which is not normally alive, but has become alive accidentally (due to insulation failure or some other cause).

To create a safe working environment






- Lock out and tag out circuits and equipment


   When two or more workers are working on different parts of a larger overall system, the locked-out device is first secured with a folding scissors clamp that has many padlock holes capable of keeping it closed. Each worker applies their own padlock to the clamp. The locked-out device cannot be activated until all workers have signed off on their portion of the project and removed their padlock from the clamp.





- Overload wiring by using the right size and type of wire.
=Electrical cords supplement fixed wiring by providing the flexibility required for maintenance, portability, isolation from vibration, and emergency and temporary power needs.

Flexible wiring can be used for extension cords or power supply cords. Power supply cords can be removable or permanently attached to the appliance. 
=DO NOT use flexible wiring in situations where frequent inspection would be difficult, where damage would be likely, or where long-term electrical supply is needed. Flexible cords cannot be used as a substitute for the fixed wiring of a structure. Flexible cords must not be . . .

• run through holes in walls, ceilings, or floors;
• run through doorways, windows, or similar openings (unless
  physically protected);
• attached to building surfaces (except with a tension take-up
  device within 6 feet of the supply end);
• hidden in walls, ceilings, or floors; or
• hidden in conduit or other raceways.

CASE STUDY 1-GROUP DISCUSSION (CHAPTER 5-Occupational First Aid)

 OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
(OCCUPATIONAL FIRST AID)

Assalamualaikum , we have given the new task for chapter 6. There are three members of this group discussion , which is me, MUHAMMAD AIZUDDIN AKMAL BIN ZALKAHA,MUHAMMAD HASIF AIMAN BIN IBRAHIM AND NUR AZAMULLAH  BIN MOHAMED.

We are from group 'L.E.D.'

POISONING

Poisoning is injury or death due to swallowing, inhaling, touching or injecting various drugs, chemicals, venoms or gases. Many substances — such as drugs and carbon monoxide — are poisonous only in higher concentrations or dosages. And others — such as cleaners — are dangerous only if ingested. Children are particularly sensitive to even small amounts of certain drugs and chemicals.

TYPES OF POISONING

• Food poisoning
• 

• Drug poisoning

• Alcohol poisoning

• 

• Carbon monoxide poisoning
• 

• Heavy metal poisoning
• 

• Radon poisoning
• 

• Chemical poisoning 
• 
• Seek immediate medical help.
  For poisoning by swallowing:
  Check and monitor the person's airway, breathing, and pulse. If necessary, begin rescue breathing and CPR.
  1. Try to make sure that the person has indeed been poisoned. It may be hard to tell. Some signs include chemical-smelling breath, burns around the mouth, difficulty breathing, vomiting, or unusual odors on the person. If possible, identify the poison.
  2. DO NOT make a person throw up unless told to do so by poison control or a health care professional.
  3. If the person vomits, clear the person's airway. Wrap a cloth around your fingers before cleaning out the mouth and throat. If the person has been sick from a plant part, save the vomit. It may help experts identify what medicine can be used to help reverse the poisoning.
  4. If the person starts having convulsions, give convulsion first aid.
  5. Keep the person comfortable. The person should be rolled onto the left side, and remain there while getting or waiting for medical help.
  6. If the poison has spilled on the person's clothes, remove the clothing and flush the skin with water.
  
  For inhalation poisoning:
  Call for emergency help. Never attempt to rescue a person without notifying others first.
1. If it is safe to do so, rescue the person from the danger of the gas, fumes, or smoke. Open windows and doors to remove the fumes.
2. Take several deep breaths of fresh air, and then hold your breath as you go in. Hold a wet cloth over your nose and mouth.
3. DO NOT light a match or use a lighter because some gases can catch fire.
4. After rescuing the person from danger, check and monitor the person's airway, breathing, and pulse. If necessary, begin rescue breathing and CPR.
5. If necessary, perform first aid for eye injuries or convulsion first aid.
6. If the person vomits, clear the person's airway. Wrap a cloth around your fingers before cleaning out the mouth and throat.
7. Even if the person seems perfectly fine, get medical help.
• DO NOT:
  • Give an unconscious person anything by mouth.
  • Induce vomiting unless you are told to do so by the Poison Control Center or a doctor. A strong poison that burns on the way down the throat will also do damage on the way back up.
  • Try to neutralize the poison with lemon juice or vinegar, or any other substance, unless you are told to do so by the Poison Control Center or a doctor.
  • Use any "cure-all" type antidote.
  • Wait for symptoms to develop if you suspect that someone has been poisoned.